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Composite pavement deterioration is exhibited in a combination of some flexible pave­ment distresses and some rigid pavement distresses. The most prominent composite pavement distresses, which were defined under flexible or rigid pavement, are raveling, bleeding, rutting, corrugations, pumping, and various slab distresses. 3.8.2 Investigative Methods If a pavement exhibits structural distresses, such as cracking, patching, […]

Flexible pavement deterioration is exhibited in any combination of the following distresses. Raveling. Raveling, as shown in Fig. 3.31, is the result of loss of small aggregates from the pavement surface. Raveling can be caused by oxidation of the mix, improper mix design, segregation, or lack of compaction. Bleeding. Bleeding is the flushing of excess […]

Continuously reinforced concrete pavement deterioration is exhibited by the same dis­tresses discussed for jointed concrete pavement along with the following additional considerations. Settlement. As previously stated, settlement as displayed by a depression in the pro­file of the pavement affects the smoothness of a pavement. It may be the result of poor construction practice such as […]

Jointed rigid pavement deterioration is exhibited in any combination of the following distresses: Surface Deterioration. Surface deterioration (Fig. 3.22) is the result of loss of cement at the surface of the slab (scaling). It is generally caused by excessive surface water and finishing practice, or the loss of both small aggregates and cement caused by […]

Pavement deterioration or distress can be classified into two basic categories for all pave­ment types—structural and functional. The most serious category is structural. Structural deterioration results in reduced ability to carry load and a decreased pavement life. Functional deterioration can lead to and accelerate structural deterioration, but it is only related to ride quality and […]

Project-level pavement management is responsible for continuous evaluation of pave­ment’s present serviceability, monitoring of the pavement loading rate, determination of the cause and rate of pavement deterioration, prediction of optimal time for inter­vention, and evaluation of the most economical rehabilitation strategy. Pavement management can be applied at the project level or at the network level. […]

Д (Ib/in2) 4.5- 1.5 1.624* 107 18.42 (Ec/k)02 s’c* cd (d0-75- і. ізг|   + (4.22- O.32pt)*log10   215.63 *J P0J5-   Д (Ib/in2) = 4.2-2.5= 1.7 W18 = 5.1 x 106 (18-kip ESAL) Solution: D = 10.0 in. (nearest half-inch, from part b ) FIGURE 3.15 Design chart for rigid pavements based on using […]

3. Determine the drainage coefficient for the pavement. 4. Select the design serviceability loss. 5. Estimate the total number of 18-kip (80-kN) equivalent single-axle loads for the design period. 6. Select a level of reliability and the overall standard deviation. 7. Determine slab thickness and steel reinforcement. Determine Effective Subgrade Modulus. The first step in […]

The resilient modulus is a measure of the ability of a soil or granular base to resist permanent deformation under repeated loading. Many soils are stress-dependent. As the stress level increases, these soils will behave in a nonlinear fashion. Fine-grain soils tend to be stress-softening, whereas granular soils tend to be stress-hardening. Laboratory procedures for […]

Rarely does the actual traffic loading to failure equal the predicted traffic loading; the difference is due to the deviations that exist. These deviations include (1) lack of fit of the AASHTO design equations, since these are empirical equations; (2) variations in construction, which cause variations in the equation input factors such as the strength […]