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Congestion, when applied to traffic, refers to that condition which occurs when drivers experience a noticeable delay in completing a trip because of inability to maneuver through the traffic stream. This condition is characterized by slow travel speeds, increased travel times, increased accident frequencies, erratic stop-and-go driving, increased vehicle operating costs, and other undesirable circumstances […]

Drive profiles on uncurbed roadways should slope down and away from the pavement edge at the same slope as the graded shoulder. Any vertical curve should be developed FIGURE 2.57 Designs for shopping center and industrial drives. Conversions: 1 ft = 0.305 m, 1 in = 25.4 mm. (From Location and Design Manual, Vol. 1, […]

Figure 2.57 shows two typical driveway designs to be used as a guide for the design of driveways serving high-volume traffic generators such as shopping centers, industrial plants, industrial parks, and other types of developments having similar traffic charac­teristics. Many of the design features discussed in Art. 2.4.1, At-Grade Intersections, are applicable here. Geometric considerations […]

The access requirements of most commercial developments can be served by driveways having standard design characteristics. The exceptions are driveways having high traffic volumes, those being used by large vehicles, or those serving businesses that engender unique traffic patterns. For standard commercial drive designs, see Fig. 2.56. The recom­mended radii are (1) 15 ft (4.6 […]

Service station drive approach geometry is probably the most complex of any drive design. Many of the geometric features may be used in the design of other commercial —у* I—w-12’* —14’ж |—-   NOTES GENERAL’. The design details shown hereon shall govern the constraction of driveways unless otherwise shown in /he project pton$. The pavement […]

Either type 1 or type 2 drives (Fig. 2.49) may be used in urban areas. If used in urban areas, the radius and flare dimensions may be reduced so that the apron does not extend past the back of the sidewalk, or past the right-of-way line if there are no sidewalks. The desirable minimum radius […]

Rural residential drives and field drives should normally conform to the type 1 design shown in Fig. 2.49 (Ref. 14). New drives should intersect the highway at an angle between 70 and 90°. In some cases, however, it may be necessary to retain existing drive angles that vary from these desirable angles. If the project […]

1.10.1 Location Part of the process in obtaining a driveway permit is to determine where the driveway will be located. The following guidelines may be used to establish this location. Wherever possible, drives should be located in accordance with the intersection sight distance criteria (see Table 2.3). Special consideration should be given to the location […]

Access control may be exercised and established by statute—through zoning ordinances, driveway controls, and turning and parking regulations—and by geometric design. Control by statute is used where full access control or a high degree of access control is required. Direct driveway connections may be prohibited, and at-grade intersections may be allowed only with major crossroads. […]

2.9.1 Defining Access Control Control of access is the condition where the right of owners or occupants of abutting land to access a highway is fully or partially controlled by public authority. Access control is usually defined by regulations of the authority having jurisdiction over the roadway. The purpose of establishing access control is to […]