Blog Archives

Mark truss locations

Posted by on 17/ 11/ 15

Before trusses arrive on the job site, take some time to lay out their locations on the top of the wall plates. Hook a long tape on the end of the exterior walls and mark the entire length of the building at 2 ft., 4 ft., 6 ft., and so on, putting an "X" on the far side of each mark.

Do the same on any long interior walls that run parallel to the outside walls. Mark the same 2-ft. o. c. layout on several straight 16-ft. 1x4boards. These lxs will later be nailed near the ridge to hold each truss upright at the proper spacing.

Подпись: BUILDING A CATWALKПодпись: Nail 2x4 cleat across four studs, 2 in. down from top plate.Подпись: 2x4 support block Support catwalk every 6 ft. Toe-nail supports to floor. Nail all cleats and support blocks securely. Подпись: To work on roof framing above a large room, you may need to construct a catwalk. At a wall near the center of the room, securely nail a 2x deal with 16d nails across four studs about 2 in. down from the top plate. Install a similar cleat on the opposite wall. Build a sturdy 2x support every 6 ft. Lay two or three 2x6 boards flat on this cleat and support and nail them in place.Mark truss locationsПодпись:Despite your best efforts to line the walls (asexplained in chapter 4), the exterior eave wall plates may not be totally straight. If you hold the truss overhang to a wall that is not straight, the rafter ends and fascia won’t be straight, either...

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General Considerations

Posted by on 17/ 11/ 15

The most common materials used are concrete, steel, aluminum, and plastic. The material used may affect the hydraulic capacity of the culvert, as different materials and wall configurations have different entrance loss coefficients and coefficients of roughness. The choice of the material is often controlled by structural and durability considerations.

The inlet configuration generally has a direct effect on the hydraulic capacity of the cul­vert and the backwater upstream from the site. The natural channel approaching the culvert is usually wider than the culvert, and thus the inlet operates as a flow contraction and can be the control for determining the hydraulic capacity. In many instances, the culvert is designed to operate hydraulically with the inlet submerged...

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Comparing Two Chainsaw Milling Guides

Posted by on 17/ 11/ 15

Before commenting on the inexpensive chainsaw milling guides, I figured I’d better test them. Friends Bruce Kilgore and Doug Kerr, both of whom play a part in Chapter 5, were interested in helping to conduct the test. I already had a Beam Machine (www. beam machine. com) and Bruce had recently purchased a Granberg Mini-Mill (www. granberg. com). On the advice of Ted Mather, the inventor of my Beam Machine, I used an ordinary crosscut chain, not the special ripping chain recommended by most other chainsaw mill manufacturers. The regular chain, Mather says, gives a much smoother cut.

Granberg International says on their website: "Your regular stock chain on your saw works okay when it is sharpened correctly...

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HYDRAULIC DESIGN OF CULVERTS

Posted by on 17/ 11/ 15

Culverts convey surface flow from one side of the roadway to the other. Culvert design comprises three general considerations: culvert size, location, and shape. The size of the culvert is directly related to the results of the hydrologic investigation. The location of the culvert is derived from the site geometry and comprises the alignment, length, and

slope. The site hydraulics and available roadway fill height (height of fill from creek bed to profile grade) are the controlling criteria for determining the shape of the culvert. However, shapes, sizes, and material types used for culvert construction can be precluded from use based on manufacturing limitations...

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WELL-X-TROL QUICK SIZING FORM

Posted by on 17/ 11/ 15

(We suggest you make an office copy of this page when ready to calculate.)

For selecting WELL-X-TROLs for a different running time than ESP I or ESP II, and/or at pres­sure ranges the same or different than 20/40,30/50, 40/60:

THINGS YOU MUST KNOW

1, System flow rate (pump capacity or discharge) GPM

 

. Min.

. Psig. Psig

. ESPVol.

 

2. Desired running time, in minutes and fractions of minutes (1.5 min. = 1 min. 30 sec )

3. Pump cut-in. in gauge pressure

4. Rump cut-out, in gauge pressure

CALCULATING TANK SIZE

5. Multiply Line 1 by Line2 and enter ESP Volume

  WELL-X-TROL QUICK SIZING FORM

, P. F.

 

, Gals.

 

Refer to Table 2 and select WELL-X-TROL model that is greater than Line 7 tor “Total Volume” and Line 5 is less than “Maximum ESP Volume"

  WELL-X-TROL QUICK SIZING FORM

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The appearance of the water mill

Posted by on 17/ 11/ 15

The water mill, the first energy source to replace muscle power, appears in the Hellenistic cultural sphere at the end of the 2nd or beginning of the 1st century BC. The region of origin of this important invention, somewhere in Asia, is not well known. The first traces are claimed to be from the kingdom of Pontus, at Cabeira, by Strabo (who is a native of that region), in the proximity of the new palace of Mithridatus VII Eupator, king of Pontus from 111 to 63 BC. He fought against the Roman expansion in the region, but was finally defeated by Pompey in 63 BC.

“… at their junction (i. e...

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Organizing Principles

Posted by on 17/ 11/ 15

The success of a work of art hinges, more than anything else, on the strength of its composition. Here the term "composition” is used to mean "a whole comprised of parts.” A strong composition is one in which all its parts work to strengthen the whole. This is as true of a piece of music as it is of a painting or the design of a small house.

The last chapter described subtractive design as the means to distilling a house to its essential components. This chapter will focus primarily on how the remaining parts are to be organized into a comprehensive whole. Seven principles: simplicity, honesty, proportion, scale, alignment, hierarchy and procession will be presented as essential considerations to meeting this end.

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Soil Gas Management

Posted by on 17/ 11/ 15

A variety of natural and human-caused soil gases can infiltrate structures and lead to in­door air quality problems. Soil gases can be sucked into basements, crawl spaces, and floor slabs if negative pressurization exists within or under a structure. You can prevent this prob­lem by creating a physical barrier between the soil and the home and by controlling the air pressure conditions under and within the home.

Harmful human-source soil gases include

trie company sent a team of specialists to his house to investigate. The readings on the Geiger counter showed levels 700 times higher than the maximum considered safe for human exposure. Researchers concluded that the culprit was radon, a naturally occurring radioactive gas derived from underground uranium.

Discussion

At that time, very l...

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Habitat Houses—Built to Take a Licking

Posted by on 17/ 11/ 15

Habitat Houses—Built to Take a Licking

THE MOST DEVASTATING natural dis­aster in the history of the United

/

States began to take shape off the west coast of Africa on August 14, 1992. Gathering strength as it made its way across the Atlantic Ocean, the storm that came to be known as Hurricane Andrew finally made land – fall at Homestead, Florida, just alter 5 a. m. on August 24th. With sus­tained winds of 145 mph and gusts exceeding 175 mph, Andrew was no
run-of-the-mill hurricane. Although the death toll was relatively low for a storm of this intensity (40 people died as both a direct and an indirect result of Andrew), the economic damage exceeded $25 billion.

As it turns out, Habitat had built or rehabbed 27 houses in Homestead and in the nearby communities of Liberty City and West Perrine. A few

^ 4

days after the storm, ...

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Egypt under the Lagide rulers: development of irrigated agriculture

Posted by on 17/ 11/ 15

A constant preoccupation of the Lagide kings, pressured by their politics of prestige and expansion, was to increase agricultural productivity. Each region (or nome) is under the responsibility of an economist (the Greek name is Oikonomos), charged, among many other tasks, to “control the delivery canals across the fields, from which the peasants draw water conveyed to their cultivated fields; to verify that the feeder canals have the prescribed depth, and that their interior space is sufficient.”[183] Every retention basin has its irrigation controller (catasporeos) responsible for water distribution.

Under Ptolemy II, the region of Fayoum, already made productive during the era of the pharaohs, is brought under a new development policy...

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