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These methods are normally based on similar assumptions—namely, in saturating a mixture with water (with or without negative pressure, that is a vacuum) and holding it there at a fixed temperature for a given time. Afterward, a strength test is con­ducted, most often using one of the following methods: • Marshall stability • Resilient modulus […]

This EN 12697-12 method test is conducted on cylindrical specimens prepared in a laboratory (in a gyratory compactor, using a Marshall hammer) or cored from a slab cut out of a pavement. Specimens of 100 ± 3 mm, 150 ± 3 mm, or 160 ± 3 mm in diam­eter may be tested. When testing specimens […]

The AASHTO T 283 method involves conducting tests on a comparable set of speci­mens in an original (unconditioned) state and after conditioning and then comparing the results. In some literature this test is also called the modified Lottman test. Appropriately prepared specimens are divided into two sets. One set is designed for testing without conditioning, […]

Pavement durability is a broad term. Water and frost resistance of asphalt mix­tures have a disadvantageous effect on the mechanical performance of a course. Undoubtedly, the composition of a mixture—the type of aggregate, gradation of the mix, the type and quantity of binder, the presence of additives and the content of air voids—has an impact […]

A comparison of macrotexture depths of courses executed with various asphalt mix­tures has been presented in an Australian paper (Oliver, 2001): • Surface dressing (greater than 10 mm)—macrotexture less than 1.5 mm • AC (greater than 10 mm)—macrotexture 0.4 to 0.8 mm • Porous asphalt—macrotexture less than 1.2 mm • SMA—macrotexture less than 0.7 mm […]

Antiskid features of wearing courses of asphalt surfacing are described in terms of the friction coefficient, which depends on the micro-texture of the aggregate and the macro-texture of the placed mixture (Gardziejczyk and Wasilewska, 2003). As this property is very important, the range of available publications on the topic at issue is quite broad (Gardziejczyk, […]

There are a number of impressive publications in the technical literature that describe the results of testing antinoise properties of various pavements. (Refer to the Bibliography at the end of this book.) Olszacki (2005) tested the sound-absorbing power of different asphalt surfacing types with diversified void contents. Figure 12.5 shows the relationship between the noise […]

Noise had been defined as “audible sounds of any acoustic kind undesired in par­ticular circumstances, which irrespective of their frequency and level, are harmful, bothersome, and possibly induce a disorder in the listener’s hearing organ and other parts of their organism” (Kucharski, 1979). Many research centers around the world have been dealing with the problem […]

Agents enhancing compactability by means of changing the temperature susceptibil­ity of a binder have been used in many countries. They enable the placement of a mix­ture at a lower temperature and make its compaction easier through the reduction of binder viscosity. Reduced binder viscosity enhances the compactability of a mixture, resulting in a decrease in […]

SMA is a hard-to-compact mixture, and as a gap-graded mixture, it is characterized by a higher compaction resistance than materials with continuous gradation. The conclusions of tests carried out in Germany (Renken, 2004) on an SMA mixture revealed the following: • An increase of the filler content brings about a drop in compaction resistance. • […]