Library builder

The recommended temperatures of SMA mixtures with road bitumens accord­ing to EN 12591 are given in the standard EN 13108-5. The minimum tempera­ture of delivery to a laydown site and the maximum production temperature in an asphalt plant are provided there. When using a modified or special binder, one should follow the information passed on […]

This requirement regarding resistance to fuel exclusively applies to SMA mixes for airfields. The method of testing this property of SMA is elaborated in the standard EN 12697-43. The categories of the requirements are good, moderate, poor, or NR (no requirement). 14.5.11 Resistance to Deicing Fluids for Application on Airfields This requirement concerning resistance to […]

The SMA wheel tracking test is carried out on samples (slabs) prepared in a labora­tory or cut out of a pavement. Additional requirements for samples may be deter­mined in the following two ways: • Requiring a void content in the slab; in this case the requirement has a range of 3% (v/v), (e. g., 3-6% […]

Resistance to abrasion by studded tires is determined according to EN 13108-20, Clause D.4, and testing after EN 12697-16, Procedure A. The available categories of requirements are AbrA20, AbrA24, AbrA28, AbrA32, AbrA36, AbrA40, AbrA45, AbrA50, AbrA55, AbrA60, and AbrNR, where AbrNR means no requirement. TABLE 14.1 Test Methods of SMA Resistance to Permanent Deformation and […]

Water sensitivity, denoted as indirect tensile strength ratio (ITSR), is determined according to EN 13108-20, Clause D.3. Water sensitivity is determined by test method after EN 12697-12 at a test temperature of 15°C. The available categories of requirements ITSR are ITSR90, ITSR80, ITSR70, ITSR60, and ITSRNR, where ITSRNR means no requirement.

The standard categorizes minimum and maximum percentages of voids filled with binder (VFB). The following are the available categories of requirements and their denotations: • Minimum percentage of VFB range from 71 to 86% in increments of 3% (i. e., VFBmin= 71, 74, 77….)[78] plus VFBminNR, where VFBminNR means no requirement. • Maximum percentage of […]

The determination of the void content in compacted samples should be evaluated according to the standard EN 13108-20, Table D.2, as follows: • Bulk density of a sample should be determined according to EN 12697-6, Procedure B (Saturated Surface Dry [SSD]). • Maximum density of sample should be determined according to EN 12697-5, Procedure A […]

The method of preparing SMA samples in the laboratory to determine the void content is specified in the standard EN 13108-20, Item 6.5, with details in Annex C (Table C.1). The NAD should provide values of compactive efforts. Permissible methods include the following: • Impact compaction according to EN 12697-30, with possible energies or 2 […]

The SMA mixture should be homogenous and completely coated with binder when discharged from the pugmill. There should be no evidence of agglomeration (balling) of the fine aggregate. 14.5.4 Void Content Void content is one of the essential properties of a compacted SMA mix. Much attention was paid to this subject in the previous chapters, […]

A series of categories of minimum binder contents in SMA mixes, denoted Bmin, is detailed in the standard. However, maximum binder contents are not defined; therefore an appropriate category of Bmin should be matched with each SMA specification. The categories given in the standard have been adopted for a reference density of an aggregate mix […]