The slow percolation of contaminated runoff into the pavement through a porous aggregate layer to an outlet substantially slows water movements, provides the possibility of filtration and allows water to pass by a large surface area of stone. By these means the water drops the suspended, fine, solids that it is carrying into the pore space of the pavement layers. The contaminants tend to adhere to the surfaces of the porous material’s particles — particularly to the fine fraction as it provides the largest area of fines. Hydrocarbon contaminants also tend to be sorbed to the solids. For these reasons the water that leaves the pavement is substantially
Hardness |
Conductivity |
Copper |
Zinc |
Motor oil |
(mg CaCO3) |
(pmhos/cm) |
(Pg/l) |
(Pg/l) |
(mg/l) |
Infiltration |
Table 13.3 Mean concentrations of detected constituents in water running off or through 5 experimental pavements (from Brattebo & Booth, 2002)
The water from 9 storms was measured. The number in parentheses indicates the number of samples in which contamination was at less than the detection limit. |