When designing the gradation of aggregate smaller than 2 mm (filler and fine aggregate), it should be kept in mind that the excellent properties that allow SMA to resist permanent deformation are connected mainly with a coarse aggregate skeleton. Mastic made of filler, fine aggregate, and binder should play the role of bonding and sealing the coarse aggregate, while its quantity cannot be greater than the free space left among the compacted active grains. See Chapter 7 for a discussion of the Dutch method of designing the volume of mastic in SMA.