For a typical wall with two or more rows of anchors constructed from the top down, the general procedure is to (1) design for the final condition with multiple rows of anchors and (2) check the design for the various stages of construction. The required horizontal component of each anchor force can be calculated using apparent earth pressure distributions such as given in Fig. 8.50. Any other applicable forces such as horizontal water pressure, surcharge, or seismic forces must be included where applicable. The anchor inclination must be considered in calculating the anchor force. The horizontal anchor spacing and anchor capacity must provide the required total anchor force.
Vertical wall elements must be designed to resist all applicable forces such as horizontal earth pressure, surcharge, water pressure, and anchor and seismic loadings, as well as the vertical component of earth pressure due to wall friction and the vertical component of anchor loads and any other vertical loads. In the analysis, supports may be assumed at each anchor location and at the bottom if the vertical element extends below the bottom of the wall.
All components should be checked for the various earth pressure distributions and other loading conditions that may exist during construction.
